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8.3: Social Europe: the main Directives

The following table lists the main Directives on social (employment) matters.

EU Main social Directives

Date

Reference group and Directive(s)

1970s:

Equal opportunities:

1975

1. Equal Pay Directive

1976

2. Equal Treatment Directive

1979

3. Equal Treatment (Social Security) Directive

 

Employment protection and working conditions:

1975

1. Collective Redundancies Directive

1977

2. Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) (TUPE) or Acquired Rights Directive

 

 

1980s:

Equal opportunities:

1986

1. Equal Treatment (Occupational Social Security) Directive

1986

2. Equal Treatment (Self-Employed) Directive

 

Employment protection and working conditions:

1980

1. Insolvency Directive

1987

2. Insolvency (Spanish Accession) Directive

 

Health and Safety at Work:

1989

1. Health and Safety (Framework) Directive (which led to "daughter" Directives aimed at implementing, in specific areas, the provisions in the Framework Directive)

 

 

1990s:

Equal opportunities:

1996

1. Parental Leave Directive (SC)*

1996

2. Directive amending the Equal Treatment (Occupational Social Security) Directive

1997

3. Parental Leave (UK Extension) Directive

1997

4. Burden of Proof in Sex Discrimination Cases Directive (SC)*

1998

5. Burden of Proof in Sex Discrimination Cases (UK Extension) Directive

 

Employment protection and working conditions:

1991

1. Proof of Employment Relationship Contract

1991

2. Temporary Workers Directive

1992

3. Directive amending Collective Redundancies Directive

1996

4. Posted Workers Directive - Posting of Workers Directive (to ensure that a member state's core regulations should apply to workers posted from elsewhere to work in that member state)

1997

5. Part-time Workers Directive ("Atypical" Workers) (SC)*

1998

6. Part-Time Work (UK Extension) Directive

1998

7. Amended Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) (TUPE) regulations (Acquired Rights)

1999

8. Fixed-term Work Directive (began under SC)*

 

Health and Safety at Work:

1991

1. Health and Safety (Fixed-Term and Temporary Workers) Directive

1992

2. Pregnant Workers Directive (Protection at Work) 

1993

3. Working Time Directive (WTD)

1994

4. Young Workers Directive (The Employment of Young Workers Directive)

1999

5. Working Time (Extension to Seafarers) Directive

 

Employee relations:

1994

1. European Works Council Directive (SC)*

1997

2. European Works Council (UK Extension) Directive

 

 

2000s:

Equal opportunities:

2000

1. Equal Treatment (Racial or Ethnic Origin) (Article 13 of the Amsterdam Treaty)

2000

2. "General Framework" for the Equal Treatment in Employment and Occupation Directive (Article 13) (covering disability, age, religion and belief, sexual orientation)

2002

3. Equal Treatment Amendment Directive (2002)

 

Employment protection and working conditions:

 

1. Temporary Agency Work (TAW) Directive (postponed)

 

Health and Safety at Work:

2002

1. Working Time Amendment (Excluded Sectors) Directive

 

Employee relations:

2002

1. Compulsory Information and Consultation Procedures (National Works Councils) Directive (began under SC)*

 

 

(NB The six-asterisked Directives were implemented and/or initiated under the Social Chapter.)

Source: Ruth Lea, Red tape in the workplace, IoD, 2003

RL, February 2007